Map Muslims conquered the region, in the range of 622-750.
622-632, by the Prophet Muhammad
632-661, by the first four caliphs
661-750, by Umayyad hammas
In the 7th century , in the Arab world , Abdullah bin Muhammad spread a new religion called Islam , and its followers are called Muslims . The emergence of Islam put an end to a period of pagan Arabs previously known as the era of ignorance . Before the emergence of Islam , the city of Mecca has become a center of trade in Arabia, and Muhammad was a merchant. With a tradition of pilgrimage , the holy journey to Mecca, the city center is not only a commodity exchange, but also the exchange of ideas. The influence of Muslim merchants over African-Arabian trade routes and the Arab-Asia is enormous. As a result, Islamic civilization developing and expanding the economic base is the merchant, in contrast to Christianity, India, and China are based on the agricultural community. Knowledge and skills from the Middle East, Greece , and Ancient Persians learned by the Muslims in the Middle Ages. The Muslims also provide innovation for the discovery of other nations, such as the processing of paper from China and the position of the decimal in the number system of India . Most of the learning and development related to geography. Muslim traders brought goods and their religion to South Asia , Southeast Asia , Central Asia , China, and the kingdoms in West Africa , then returned with new discoveries.
Islamic conquest began since the time of Prophet Muhammad. He set up a caliphate in the Arabian Peninsula under the first four caliphs and the Umayyads . After the death of Muhammad, the Muslims began their expansion at the end of the Classical Era and the early Middle Ages. In the mid- 7th century , Muslim armies conquered the Middle East , Egypt , and North Africa . Muslim armies conquered Persia in 642, thus ending the Sassanid Dynasty . During the period of the rule of Rajputs in north and northwest India (now Pakistan ), runs the Muslim invasion into the region as their expansion into Central Asia . From Persia, the Muslims conquered Multan in Punjab , the region of Pakistan today. Muslim mobilization to India was halted after their defeat in the battle of Rajasthan . Of Morocco
in North Africa , the Muslims crossed the straits of Gibraltar
and conquered the Iberian peninsula in 711. The region was named Al-Andalus , and later became Kekhalifan Córdoba . Expansion of Muslims in Western Europe were detained by Christian forces in the battle of Tours and the battle of the river Berre . At the end of the 15th century , Christian monarchs in Europe to retake the Iberian peninsula .
In the course of its history, and after various conflicts that passed, the power in the Muslim world in the Middle Ages was divided into a number of the caliphate and sultanate, in and the Ottomans in Turkey . Islamic civilization gave rise to a variety of cultural and learning centers as well as childbirth scientists , astronomers , mathematicians , doctors , nurses , and philosopher prominent during the Age of Glory of Islam . During its development, the Muslims had a disagreement with the empire in Europe , and engaged in a series of wars, among them: Byzantine-Seljuk Wars , Byzantine-Ottoman War and the Crusades . Byzantine Empire in the Fatimid forces repulsed the Anatolia , the region Turkey , until finally the Seljuks came and allied with the Abbasids. The disintegration of the Seljuk dynasty sparked a resurgence of small monarchy that compete for power in Anatolia during the period of the Crusades, until the time of the rise of the Ottoman Empire . The Sultanate conquered Byzantium in 1453.
In 1258, the Mongol army led by Genghis Khan destroyed the Abbasid Kekhalifanan, characterized by their success in the siege of Baghdad (1258) . A century later, the East Leng , a knight Turk - Mongols , trying to repeat the glory of Genghis Khan. After conquering Damascus , he switched to Islam, began the era of Muslim Turk and Mongol expansion into Eastern Europe , Central Asia and India . During his reign, becoming the ruler of the East in the Muslim world after defeating the mamluks in Egypt and Syria , the Ottoman Empire , and the Sultanate of Delhi . The Ottomans regained control of most of his powers to the Middle East. Safavid dynasty master of Persian and Central Asia, while Eastern descent invaded Kabul . From there, a sultanate stretched, limited by the Persians in the west and the bay of Bengal on the east; empire known as the Mughal Empire . Safavid dynasty ended with the death of its last leader, Ismail III , in 1760. Sultanate last Muslim, Ottoman , collapsed in 1918 after the First World War .
Title : Development of Islam
Description : Map Muslims conquered the region, in the range of 622-750. 622-632, by the Prophet Muhammad 632-661, by the first f...